Sheet Metal Stamping Simulation

A bending operation in which a narrow strip at the edge of a sheet is bent up or down along a straight or curved line. It is used for edge strengthening, appearance, rigidity and the removal of sheared edges. A flange is often used as a fastening surface

Source: The OHIO State University

The Forming limit curve is used in sheet metal forming for predicting forming behaviour of sheet metal.[1][2] The diagram attempts to provide a graphical description of material failure tests, such as a punched dome test. In order to determine whether a given region has failed, a mechanical test is performed. The mechanical test is performed by placing a circular mark on the workpiece prior to deformation, and then measuring the post-deformation ellipse that is generated from the action on this circle. By repeating the mechanical test to generate a range of stress states, the formability limit diagram can be generated as a line at which failure is onset. The semi-axes of the ellipse formed in this circle allow for the measurement of relative strain in two primary directions, known as the major and minor directions, which correspond to the major and minor semi-axes of the ellipse. Under the assumption of path independent strain, the relative strains will reach a critical value at which deformations occurs. Through repeated experimental measurements, the shape of the curve can be obtained experimentally. Alternately, a formability limit diagram can be generated by mapping the shape of a failure criterion into the formability limit domain. However the diagram is obtained, the resultant diagram provides a tool for the determination as to whether a given forming process will result in failure or not. Such information is critical in the design of forming processes, and is therefore fundamental to the design of metalworking processes, such as forging. Through the establishment of forming limit diagrams for range of alloys, the forming process and alloy behaviour can be matched at the metalworking design time by the process engineer.

Source: Wikipedia